Slide rules HOME page COLLECTION 10" RULES OTHER COUNTRIES
What's new
Make W&G, Australia
Model 432 - "Dualface" comprehensive
Notes

1. This rule was made in Australia by W&G, a wholly owned subsidiary of White and Gillespie.W&G was formed during the 1930s to make gramophone records.In the second world war the company started making slide rules. When slide rule production ceased the company was sold and still continue to make drawing instruments. The original parent company, formed in 1910, still exists and continues to supply the printing trade.
2. The front of the rule is fairly standard though the naming of the scales is not completely conventional. The CI scale is referred as the reciprocal scale, the two log-log scales are both referred to simply as LL and the K scale is referred to Cu.
3. The trig scales on the back are far from conventional. For sine there are two adjoining scales; one has values of the angle from 0 to 90° in equal divisions and the equivalent value of sine. For tangents there are also two adjoining scales; in this  case the angle goes from 0 to 45°, also  in equal divisions, and the equivalent value of tan. The advantage of this is greater accuracy for some ranges of angles; the disadvantage (which is probably enough to explain why this layout is rare) is that the value then has to be transferred to one of the other scale for calculations.
4. The rule also has scales for electrical calculations (see below). Unlike many other electrical rules these scales are on the body of the rule in the well of the stock.
5. To compensate for differences of temperature there is a short scale of temperature in Fahrenheit.
6. The single line cursor has a very fine, yet legible, hair line. Unfortunately it is on the outside face of the fairly thick glass cursor which gives rise to parallax problems when using it.
7. The rule is made of xylonite on wood.
8. A summary manual is available at:

http://sliderule.ozmanor.com/man/man-download.htmlhttp://sliderule.ozmanor.com/man/man-download.html

My thanks to Cyril Catt for information on W&G.

Front view
1088-wg-432-01.jpg (27404 bytes)
Detail - front left
1088-wg-432-02.jpg (21937 bytes)
Detail - front right
1088-wg-432-03.jpg (19177 bytes)
Back view
1088-wg-432-04.jpg (25990 bytes)
Detail - back left
1088-wg-432-05.jpg (31443 bytes)
 

Detail - back right
1088-wg-432-06.jpg (34920 bytes)

Manufacturing date c 1960
Length 10"
Material Xylonite on wood.
Scales LL=LL1, L, A [B, Reciprocal=CI, C] D, Cu=K, LL =LL2
Sine, Kw=A [HP=B, Tangent] Voltage, Efficiency
The slide also has a short scale for temperature.
Cursor Glass, metal frame, single hairline.

Summary of Instructions

Introduction

This rule has special scales in two areas, trigonometry and electricity.

In the case of trigonometry scales, as noted above, the scales are linear for angles.

In the case of electricity there are special scales and gauges marks for efficiencies and voltage loss. The rule has a gauge mark at 746 on the Kw scale and HP scale, for w per HP. It also has a special mark (a small red vertical arrow) for calculation of efficiencies. It is also set up for voltage loss of copper cables using imperial units. It should be noted that on the scale marked Kw the value marked 10, relative to the 746 gauge mark, is actually 1 Kw. This make some calculations, and also following the instructions a bit confusing at times.

There is a further small scale which allows the variation of resistance with temperature to be calculated. It assumes that the nominal resistance is  measured at 60° F.

Calculation of sine
The image below shows the value of sine 85°. As can be seen the scales are easier to read than on a normal scale rule however this advantages is lost once the value is transferred to the C or D scale for a  calculation. There is also an additional risk of error from having to note down and copy the value.

1088-wg-432-07.jpg (11041 bytes)

Efficiency of dynamos

Example
What is the efficiency of a dynamo giving 13.8 kilowatts with an input of 23 horse-power.
Set the horse power (23.0) against the kilowatts (13.8). Note the need to "shift" the scale to take account of the units and location of the gauge mark.
Against the special mark read the efficiency of 80.5%.

1088-wg-432-08.jpg (21850 bytes)

Efficiency of motors

Example
What is the efficiency a motor which, with 19 kilowatts, delivers 19.9 horsepower.
Set the kilowatts, 19, against the horse power, 19.9.
Against the special mark read the efficiency 78%.
1088-wg-432-09.jpg (15827 bytes)

Variation of resistance with temperature

Example
The resistance of a copper conductor at 60° is 11 ohms. What is its resistance at 80°.
Set the line for 60° against 11 on the Kw scale and read the value, 11.5 ohms, against the 80° mark. Note that even with the scanner the potential problem of parallax error manifests itself.
1088-wg-432-11.jpg (4797 bytes)

Voltage drop
The voltage drop scale is constructed so that the drop is given for a copper conductor having a resistance of 0.0240079 ohms for a length of 1000 yards and across sectional area of 1 square inch at a temperature of 60° F. This corresponds to the recognised standard at the time. The current scale is equivalent to currents from 10 to 1000 amps, the left had being marked 10 amps. The length and area scale are similarly correspond to lengths of 1 to 100 yards and areas from 0.001 to 0.1 square inches.

Example
What is the voltage drop when 30 amps flow along a conductor 50 yards in length having a cross- sectional area of 0.0045 square inches.
Set the hair line to 3 amps (= 30 on scale) and move the .0045 (=4.5) sq. ins. mark on the slide against it. Read the voltage drop, 8.1 volts, opposite the 50 yards mark.

1088-wg-432-12.jpg (12056 bytes)